Eating Disorders Essays - 1393 Words

Introduction When you think of the words â€Å"eating disorders†, you automatically picture someone who is thin. This is partly true because people who suffer from anorexia or bulimia are relatively thin, but what you did not know is that there is also an eating disorder that affects mostly those who are obese and it is called binge eating. Eating disorders are any of several psychological disorders characterized by serious disturbances of eating behavior (Merriam Webster, 2014), the best-known eating disorders are bulimia nervosa, binge eating and anorexia nervosa (Yancey, 1999). Not only do eating disorders have the highest mortality rate than any other mental illnesses, but it is estimated that in the U.S. twenty-four million†¦show more content†¦There is not exactly a specific age group that bulimia tends to affect and because of this 1-2% of adolescents suffer from this disorder (NEDA Feeding Hope) It is estimated that 10-15% of bulimics are male, and gay men account for 14% of male bulimics (ANAD), although men are more reluctant to seek help because bulimia is considered a â€Å"women’s illness† (Colwell, 2012). Approximately 4% of females in the U.S will develop bulimia in their lifetime, according to Boston Children’s Hospital 1-5% of adolescents suffer from bulimia (Nordqvist, 2009), the mortality rate for bulimics is 3.9% with only 6% of both men and women seeking any help or treatment. (Eating Disorder Hope) There are many risk factors that play a role in whether or not an individual develops anorexia such as: being bullied, victims of physical or sexual abuse, low self-esteem, genetics and cultural factors. (Nordqvist, 2009) Although there isn’t a treatment that completely treats and helps an individual overcome bulimia methods such as: psychotherapy, family therapy, counseling and medication have been proven to help those with bulimia (Nordqvist, 2009). The only medication that is approved in the U.S. to help those w ho suffer from bulimia and because of it have developed depression is Prozac, but those with bulimia and no signs of depression may still benefit from it (Nordqvist, 2009). Binge Eating Remember how it was mentioned that there is an eating disorder that mostly affects those whoShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1205 Words   |  5 PagesEating Disorders in Today’s World Eating disorders are alive and well in today’s world and they are a major problem. An eating disorder can look like a few different things, ranging from a severe reduction of food intake to over eating to feelings of negativity towards your body shape or weight (Lehigh University). While some disorders can only be found in specific age groups, races, etc., eating disorders can be found amongst all and it does not necessarily have to be pointed towards food (LehighRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1184 Words   |  5 Pagesas an eating disorder. Weir (2016) goes on to explain the origins behind eating disorders in individuals. This topic is important because, in the United States, many women and men suffer from a clinically significant eating disorder at some point in their life. It is important to know the influences that cause an individual to experience an eating disorder. Genetically, or environmentally, or both genetically and environmentally. Anorexia ner vosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are eatingRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1573 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects people called an â€Å"eating disorder.† Why did you choose this topic? I chose this topic because it is a very prevalent issue in our society today, and a close friend of mine is suffering from an eating disorder. What question(s) did you want to answer or what was your hypothesis regarding this topic? As mammals, there is no chance of escaping the need to consume food in everyday life. However, when it comes to food there can be a major concern of eating too much or eating too little. Doing eitherRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1104 Words   |  5 PagesEating disorder is a serious problem happens in both men and women. Eating disorder is a sort of disease in which a person is having a strange routine of eating like consuming a huge amount of food each time they eat. This can incorporate not eating enough nourishment or indulging. Eating disorder influence many people around the world. The larger part of peoples who are dealing with this issue are ladies. A person with eating disorder issue may focus nonsensically on their weight and shape. EatingRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1410 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"An eating disorder is about anxiety and control and healing from trauma and food and weight are just the tools of destruction† (Floyd, Mim ms, Yelding, 2008). An eating disorder is defined as a severe disturbance in eating behavior. An eating disorder, as defined by our text book for class, is psychological disturbances that lead to certain physiological changes and serious health complications. The three most common and most easily identifiable forms of eating disorders include anorexia nervosaRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder966 Words   |  4 PagesEating Disorders Many people, both women and men of all ages, suffer from the psychological disorder, eating. Up to thirty million people in the world suffer from some kind of an eating disorder. There a two types of eating disorders, anorexia and bulimia, and have several methods of treatment. What is an eating disorder, and what do they cause? Eating disorders are maladaptive and very serious interruptions in eating. They can come in the form of overeating, or not eating enough, they are oftenRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1496 Words   |  6 PagesAn eating disorder is an illness that causes serious disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating. A person with an eating disorder may have started out just eating smaller or larger amount of food, but as some point, the urge to eat less or more has gotten out of control. Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape may also signal an eating disorder. Common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and a binge-eatingRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1031 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The eating disorder is a very jealous and abusive partner. It requires a lot of devotion in the extent that you have to devote yoursel f to tending to the anorexia. There s not a lot of time left over for adult life,† was stated by Dr. Doug Bunnell, a specialist in eating disorders. Eating disorders effect a variety of people. Age, race, and gender aren’t role playing keys in eating disorders. Not everyone gets an eating disorder, but if they do then, it will more than likely destroy their livesRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1906 Words   |  8 Pagesobtain their body goal, thus causing an eating disorder. An eating disorder is a psychological condition that is characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating habits. There are three types of eating disorders; which are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating.These disorders affect all aspects of a person’s life, including their psychological, emotional, and physical health. There are many factors that contribute to individuals developing eating disorders including: genetics, family pressuresRead MoreEating Disorders : Ea ting Disorder1235 Words   |  5 PagesEating Disorders Eating disorders are a very serious psychological condition that affects your mind so that you are more focused on your food and weight than you are on everything else. The most known and most commonly diagnosed eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder; however, these are not the only eating disorders. Eating disorders cause psychical and psychological problems, which at their worst can even become life threating. Statistics show that more women are affected

Ancient Egypt Civilization Ancient And Modern Egypt

Ancient and Modern Egypt There are some countries that have a large civilization, but how many countries have had a successful civilization throughout its existence? What if there is a country that has a civilization from 7000 years ago that has a rich history, various progresses, cultures, governments, customs, and habits? A lot of its heritage still exists until now, Egypt was one of the most wonderful civilizations in human history. Ancient Egyptians lived around the Nile River, where they found rich soil for crops and invented tools to build their successful civilization. Egypt civilization has many privileges which make it one of the biggest civilizations in the world. There are a lot of questions about how Egypt civilization became one of the largest civilizations in human history. Some of these questions are about how the government was structured in ancient Egypt and how it changed in modern Egypt? What were the Egyptians religions in Ancient and Modern Egypt? What was the Egyptians daily life like in Ancient and Modern Egypt? The ancient Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh was a representative of God in human form and He was more than just a human being. They called him the lord of the two lands ( ). Therefore, he was the governmental ruler of ancient Egypt and owned all lands. Also, He collected taxes and defended Egypt. The Government in ancient Egypt was different compared to modern Egypt because the governmental positions were usually inherited. TheShow MoreRelatedEssay about Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece903 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece† According to history there existed two of many important ancient civilizations that left a significant mark in the history of human development that even today leaves modern society in awe of its greatness. In spite of being distant civilizations, Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece share similarities and difference in terms of how they practiced religion,political structure, everyday life style, and how they built the monumental architectures that continued to amazeRead MoreAncient Egypt and Mondern Society981 Words   |  4 Pagesdozens of great civilizations have risen from nothing and fallen back into obscurity. Not all civilizations, however, leave a lasting mark on the world, especially not one so profound that influences the world as it exists today. One such civilization that has had a profound impact on daily modern lives was that of Ancient Egypt. Their systems of religion and technological innovation helped not only to leave a permanent impression on the world, but also se rved to mold both the civilizations that directlyRead MoreHow Ancient Egyptian Culture Affect Modern Day Society Essay854 Words   |  4 PagesCade Windstein Mr. Hartley World History 27 October 2017 How Does Ancient Egyptian Culture Affect Modern Day Society’s? Ancient Egypt was the first civilization to make use of the sciences, including math and medical uses. Clocks, sports, a twelve month calendar, farming, building are also believed to originate in Ancient Egypt. All of these influences our everyday lives. The Egyptians created a decimal system that used seven different symbols. Mathematical text can be traced back to around 2000Read MoreInteresting Features of Ancient Civilizations631 Words   |  3 PagesQuestion: Try to imagine what it was like to live during that time and in that place. What was it that caused the transition from Neolithic life to civilization? What were some of the major features of those civilizations that you found interesting? One of the most interesting features of ancient civilizations was the extent to which topography influenced cultural worldviews and practices. For example, in the case of the Sumerians, they possessed a highly-evolved and complex culture, as manifestedRead MoreAncient Sudan (Nubia)1715 Words   |  7 Pagesand southern Egypt. Their history and traditions can be traced to the dawn of civilization. They settled first along the banks of the Nile from Aswan. Along the Nile, they developed one of the oldest and greatest civilizations in Africa until they lost their last kingdom five centuries ago. The Nubians remained as the main rivals to the homeland of Africa’s earliest black culture with a history that can be traced from 3800 B.C. onward through the monuments and artifacts. Ancient Nubia was a landRead MoreThe Geography Of Ancient Egypt1510 Words   |  7 Pages Ancient Egypt was one of the most powerful and innovative civilizations. As one of the six civilizations to a rise independently, Egypt eventually became one of the most influential nations that lasted over three thousand years, from 3000 B.C to around 30 B.C Egypt boasted of strong leaders, a rich culture, a hierarchical society, and the source of much of it’s wealth, the Nile. The Nile provided the Egyptians with necessities like food, water, transportation, building supplies, and more. Using theRead MoreCompare And Contrast Ancient Egypt And India745 Words   |  3 Pagesbattle. Its Egypt versus India. You are a soldier in each of these civilizations, who will survive, you or him? What will you use to make sure it is you? Will it be a cudgel from Ancient Egypt or maybe a throwing stick? Maybe it will be a bow and arrow from Ancient India or a sword made with Damascus steel. In the next paragraphs I will introduce you to the weapons used during battle in Ancient Egypt and Ancient India. I will show you the similarities and the differences between the two ancient civilizationsRead MoreHistorical Characteristics Of Ancient Egypt Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesCivilizations since the beginning of recorded history, and even before, have developed their worldview and religion based on their location and geographical surroundings. These influences would be evident in some circumstances and in others might to be subtler. A prime example of a people group that was molded by the location of the civilization is Egypt. Egypt is located in Northern Africa and is surrounded by and impacted by the Sahara Desert, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, and running throughRead MoreThe History Of Ancient Egypt : Egyptology And The Concept Of Culture Appropriation934 Words   |  4 PagesPerry’s music video, Ancient Egypt is seen as an exotic place in contemporary tourism of Egypt. Many people go to Ancient Egypt because they know that there are geographical differences, mummies, pyramids, tombs and artifacts that seem foreign to many people living in the 21st century. In po pular culture, Ancient Egypt seems like a lavish civilization in the middle of the desert. In many ways, the Ancient Egyptian culture draws in tourism for those who are curious about the Ancient Egyptian cultureRead MoreAncient Egypt And Ancient Egyptian Civilization865 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ancient Egyptian Civilization The Ancient Egyptians society is what I think is the best civilization that ever lived. Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. It is one of six civilizations globally to arise independently. From the great pyramids of the military conquests of the New Kingdom, Egypt’s majesty has long entranced archaeologists and historians and created a vibrant

Dream Vacation free essay sample

Do you have a dream vacation that you would like to go on? I know I do. My dream vacation would be in Nepal on top of Mount Everest, the tallest mountain in the world. This is how I would prepare, and scale the mountain. A year before I take the climb I would start getting physically fit. I would run 50 miles a week, bike 50 miles, and lift a total of 10,000 pounds of weights a week, and push my body to its limit. After, a few months of training I would go to my doctor to see if he thinks I could do the climb. If he doesnt think I could do the climb. I would train for another year. On the other hand, if he thinks I could make the climb, I would go to the next step. I would need to go to The Element of the Mountain store and buy boots, Jackets, walking poles, oxygen tanks, gloves, spike footings, tent, sleeping bags, gas stove, and food. We will write a custom essay sample on Dream Vacation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then I would go to my lawyer and write my will (As of 2002 200 people have died trying to scale the mountain. ) I would give my family a temporary good-bye and head over to the airport and catch my flight. Once I have landed I would go to my hotel room and sleep for a day, so I can get nergy for my climb. The next day I would be ready for the climb. Once I have checked that I have everything I would get drive over to the base and get my permit to climb the mountain. After three days of climbing I would need to put on my oxygen tanks and put them on since the air is too thin. Then I can continue to the summit. After, a few more hours I would see right in front of me my last step till IVe officially reached the summit. I would take that last step and look out into space, wondering how mother mature could make such a high mountain and how this mountain is housand of years old. On Mt. Everest you cant here anything but the breathing from your mouth. So I would take the opportunity and think what I want to do with my life if I wanted to follow my kindergarten dream and become a fireman, or my child dream of becoming a chef, or my teen dream of becoming an engineer, or my teenage dream. (Since this is in the future I dont know what I am going to choose) So with my decision I would go down the mountain and the world better watch out because I was ready to take my stand in society. If I want to take my stand in society hen I need to do the hardest part of climbing Mt. Everest, I would need to get down. If I slip on ice, my body would be crushed from the impact of the rocks. So once I have gotten back to the base I would need to go for a medical inspection to see if I had broken some bones. After, that I would rush to the airport to see my waiting family. A vacation for you may be on a private island in the sun getting a tan, not for me a vacation for me is adventure, excitement, and danger. So If I was given the option of going on my dream vacation this is were I will go.

Taqa Assessors Award free essay sample

To check for authenticity the candidate must have confirmed that this is their own work; the assessor must deem it to be original work and the assessor must have checked that any testimonies are from bona fide colleagues. If any of the above is in doubt then it is the assessor’s responsibility to question the learner. To be current the evidence must meet the most recent criteria and regulations from the relevant awarding body, and must be produced within any applicable time constraints detailed in the assessment plan. Question 2 Some of the risks n assessment may pertain to the workplace, such as Health and Safety. This could be due to machinery or materials in the workplace that could pose a risk to both the learner and assessor. It could also be due to the leaner working with vulnerable people that could mean that procedures have to be followed that could delay assessment. We will write a custom essay sample on Taqa Assessors Award or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Other risks in the workplace could be due to workload and the candidate either being too busy to complete the evidence required or being too busy for assessment which could lead to the assessment being cancelled. Supervisors may also cancel assessments at late notice is the workplace becomes too busy for the learner to spare the time. Other delays may be due to standards changing, for example in my industry ATOL certificates for consumers recently became compulsory, which may lead to the evidence required being altered. Other risks may be due to the assessor themselves rather than external influences. If the assessor is inexperienced they may not have sufficient grasp on the evidence required for each unit which may result in delays as further evidence has to be produced, or the assessment may be poorly planned. There may also be issues of bias if the learner is a colleague or friend, or complaints that lead to delays, or simply inconsistency that leads to delays while the assessor is verified, which may lead to time constraints not being met. Time constraints may also not be met if the assessor is too busy to assess thoroughly and feedback promptly. Question 3 Risks should be able to be minimised through careful planning. If Health and Safety is an issue in the workplace or if CRB checks need to be made then this should be taken into account at planning stage and any necessary steps taken at that time. To minimise the risks of assessments being cancelled supervisors should be consulted to make sure they are in full support of the learner and less likely to object to time taken for assessments. Assessments should be planned to minimise any disruption to the normal workday and should not take longer than stated in order to retain the support of the learner’s colleagues. Clear communication during the planning stage should mean that disagreements later on are less likely to happen as all involved know what is expected of them. Question 4 Candidate Induction The role of the assessor would be to explain the content of the award, get to know the candidate in terms of any special requirements they may have, do an initial assessment to identify their starting point, explain what they can expect from the assessor and assessments and to explain the qualification that they will gain. Assessment Planning The assessor should plan with the learner activities to be assessed and communicate the method of assessment that will be used and when it will take place in order to cover the widest range of units. Identify current achievements and any particular needs of the learner Assessment The assessor should follow the assessment plan agreed previously inn order to make the assessments from evidence supplied by the learner. Make Assessment decisions and analyse learner achievement The assessor’s role is to judge whether the evidence from the learner meets the criteria for the relevant units being assessed and that the evidence is Fair, Valid and Reliable. Recording Assessment Decisions The assessor should record their assessment decision with the criteria met clearly identified. The assessor should follow procedure with regards to making this information available to authorised colleagues and should maintain confidentiality. Give Constructive Feedback The assessor should feedback to the candidate what they have achieved as soon as possible after assessment has taken place. Planning Next Stage Confirm achievement with the learner and plan the next assessment by returning to stage one. Identify any implications for learning, assessment and progression. Maintain Legal and Good Practice requirements Assessor should follow procedures and policies at all times and ensure they are up to date with regulations and legislation, ensure equality and diversity and monitor own work. Question 5 It is important to follow all these stages to ensure that each candidate has a similar experience and that standard are the same regardless of who the assessor is. Following a set procedure will also make sure that nothing is missed and promote good practice. If a procedure is followed it will also ensure that you comply with any legalities such as the data protection act. If a third party needs to be involved it will also help as you will have a clear plan so that they can see what has been achieved and what the plan is going forward. Question 6 The Package Travel, Package Holidays and Package Tours Regulations 1992 – This covers the content of brochures such as what information should be included, the legal contract between tour operator and client, the price of holidays and whether the price can be changed after sale, alterations allowed to the package sold, cancellation terms, liability, insolvency, bonding and insurance required by tour operators. Aviation Legislation – thi5s covers safety standards on aircraft, environmental concerns, air accident and investigation procedures, consumer protection (ATOL), Aviation Insurance, Reduced Mobility, Denied Boarding, Compensation, Health and Safety and ground handling. ABTA – The Association of British Travel Agents – Provides bonding and consumer protection for people buying a package from a travel agent. ATOL – Air Travel Organisers Licence – Provides consumer protection for anyone buying air travel and accommodation separately rather than in a package from a travel agent. Question 7 All assessment methods can be adapted to be used with learners who have special needs. For example a learner who has dyslexia may be more comfortable with visual or audio assessment, but computer programmes may enable them to submit written evidence easily by speaking and allowing the computer programme to type. If the assessment type is not flexible such as an exam they would be able to have someone to scribe their answers. Blind learner s may be able to submit their evidence in braille if the assessment must be written. If the special need is physical then as long as the learner can access the place of the assessment then any method will suit. If the leaner has learning difficulties then audio / visual methods may be best suited, or multiple choice online tests. The special requirement may simply be the learner has time constraints. The best methods of assessment to use then would be ones that impact on their work the least by identifying evidence that occurs naturally during their working day, or being flexible in when you do the assessment, e. g. out of hours. To ensure that your methods are holistic the assessor needs to be very familiar with the evidence required within each unit so that they can gather as much naturally occurring evidence at each visit that can be then used against several units. Good planning will ensure that a holistic method is adopted and each assessment plan can identify which units this will provide evidence for. To decide what technology to use in assessment you must discuss with the leaner what they have access to, and what they are comfortable using. Video chat can be used to gain evidence if both parties have access, which will then be more time efficient than the assessor travelling to the learner, and provides hard evidence of the standards and criteria met. The assessor must be familiar with the awarding bodies’ procedures on equality and diversity and ensure that all the learners have the same potential for achieving their qualification and are not discriminated against for any reason. Making sure assessment decisions are based solely on whether the evidence has met the criteria will help the assessor to ne non discriminative and taking into account any special needs will allow for diversity. Question 8 Written Assessments – These could include witness statements, learner statements, essays, assignments or projects. The advantages of these include the ability to research the content, they are able to be longer and more in depth than other forms of assessment, the learner can complete the task at their own pace and they provide clear evidence of the learner’s knowledge. The disadvantage of this form of assessment is that some learners with poor literacy skills may find this more difficult or people with dyslexia. There are computer programmes that would help with this though. Oral Assessments – This could involve questioning the learner or participating in a debate. The strengths include the immediacy of the evidence, and the fact that you can be sure it is authentic. It is also good for people with special needs or with poor literacy skills, and is a good indicator of their communication skills. The disadvantages are that it requires learners to think on their feet and affords no preparation time, and can be difficult for shy or self-conscious learners. Visual / Audio Assessment – This could include simulation / role playing, watching the learner in their workplace or presentations. The simulations and role playing are strong for situations where you need to replicate real life situations so that you can check the learner’s competence, and you can be sure that the evidence is authentic and immediate. Disadvantages may be that learners can be shy, you may get interrupted and the assessor will need to assess while watching and potentially participating. Learners may also find being watched stressful. Question 9 Reflective practice means reflecting on your experience, and enables people to evaluate their own performance from several different perspectives to see what they did well and what could be improved upon. By doing this you will, in theory, be constantly improving your performance. CPD is important as each assessor will need to ensure they are up to date with any changes in their own field of expertise. They could keep up to date by reading recent publications within their area or by speaking to or shadowing people working currently within that field. Some institutions will make this a requirement of membership. Question 10 It is important to involve the learner in the assessment process to enable them to become independent learners. The more involved and familiar they are with the assessment process, what is expected of them and the standards they need to achieve the more independent they will be able to be, so that after their qualification has been achieved they can continue to self-assess and develop their skills. The assessor can help with this process by fully involving the learner in the assessment planning, which will allow the leaner to question the plan and ask questions so that they are clear what they need to do. They will then fully understand the timescales involved and they will be able to alert the assessor if anything falls behind. The assessor should be in regular contact with the learner so that the assessment plan can be reviewed and altered if necessary, which will keep the leaner on track and involved in the process. If there is an opportunity for peer assessment this will allow the learners to become more familiar with the criteria and standards they need to achieve. Question 11 There are essentially four bodies of people involved in the assessment process: the learner, the assessor, the workplace or college where the leaner is studying and the awarding body. All need to openly share information so that everyone knows what is expected and what they need to do. The learner will need to share any special needs that they have in order that these may be taken into account during assessment. They also need to share any other qualifications they have which may be taken into account or used as evidence. The assessor will need to share the assessment plan so that the learner and manager know what evidence in required and when by, and will also need to share feedback and results. The workplace or college will need to share times of assessments, and if any costs are involved these need to be communicated. The awarding body will need to share the criteria, procedures, assessment documentation and industry standards. Question 12 To ensure the evidence provided through others is fair, valid and reliable, the assessor must ensure that the candidate knows what evidence is expected of them through a detailed assessment plan which has been discussed with the learner in advance. They must be aware of the learning criteria that need to be met and the way you will be assessing this. The criteria needs to be followed very precisely and not be strayed from. Personal opinions must not enter into assessments, and the only consideration should be whether the criteria have been met as set out in the unit. If the learner displays any behaviour above and beyond the criteria this can be stated as feedback. By looking at additional evidence you may determine whether the standard displayed in one particular piece of evidence would be met at other times. The assessors reliability could be verified by having someone else verify their assessment. To ensure the assessment is fair you should take into account any special needs of the learner. Question 13 To judge evidence and make assessment decisions you would need to judge whether it is sufficient (met all the criteria at the appropriate standard), authentic (the learners own work), current (adheres to current regulations and industry standards and is within timescales permitted if previous work), valid, reliable and fair. The assessor must judge whether the work meets he criteria without being biased in any way, and whether it has changed from the assessment plan. You would do this by attending standardisation meetings, following the assessment plan and being familiar with the criteria for each unit. Question 14 Quality assurance processes will have been agreed with the awarding body for each qualification. Some of the quality assurance measures will include an annual verification sch edule where pieces of assessed work are submitted to ensure that the correct assessment decisions are being made. There will also be an internal quality assurer, and as an assessor you should make sure you are familiar with what you will have to submit to them and when in order that they can oversee assessments and satisfy themselves of the quality of your work. You must also attend standardisation meetings, keep accurate records so that results can be recorded and used to see whether a qualification is being successfully delivered or needs alterations, and you must keep up to date with any new standards / procedures or changes within your particular specialism. It is important that these procedures are followed and standards and quality is the same for every candidate studying, as the qualifications are offered throughout the country, and therefore employers need to know that someone with a particular qualification will have reached the same standard regardless of who delivered it and where they qualified. Question 15 If the customer is not happy with the assessors feedback or decision they can appeal to have this re-assessed. In the first instance they will log their dissatisfaction with their assessor, who will raise this as an appeal case, which will notify the IV / IQA. The Assessor with then re-a9ssess the evidence and pass the work to the IV / IQA for checking within 48 hours. The IV / IQA will assess the work within 5 days and inform the customer of the outcome. If the customer is satisfied then the case is closed, the ales force are notified and no further action is required. If the appeal is unresolved then the work then goes to a panel consisting of HoT, another IV / IQA and DoT to reassess work and the EV will also be consulted. The outcome is reported within 28 days. If this still does not resolve the complaint then the customer of DoT must make a written complaint to the awarding body within 28 days. If there is no response then they must write to Ofqual.

Free Essays on Media And Sentences

The definition of crime and the procedures used to deal with the accused are social and political issues. The public’s knowledge of the our criminal justice system is necessary, as their opinions play an important part of the Criminal Code revision process (Roberts & Doob, 1984). The mass media serves as the core of information for citizens of any designated country. It is therefore safe to assume that the media has a great influence over the opinions formed by their readers or listeners. The public is forced to read or listen to the opinion of a particular mass media group such as the New York Times or ABC News to keep up with current events. The public relies on the media to convey accurate and informed information but don’t anticipate the media to do so at the expense of the citizen’s knowledge. Another factor many people are not aware of is that, â€Å"the mass media function in part as an interest group. Each component of the mass media is a business, and like other businesses, it has a direct interest in various areas of public policy† (Vago, 2003). Companies like these have great influence over the American people and what is published or aired by them undeniably has a great impact. News media plays a pivotal role in the formation and transformation of public attitudes towards crime, criminals and the criminal justice system (Doob & Roberts, 1990), and policy makers. This paper will discuss the mass media’s effect over public opinion of sentencing criminals by examining two studies conducted by Doob and Roberts. The second of the studies, 1990, is actually three consecutive studies summarized in one research presentation. The reason for this was to follow up on questions arising from the previous study and to rule out outside influencing factors and most importantly to ensure replication validity of both the 1984 and the current ongoing research. The research executed by Doob and Roberts was conducted by seeking... Free Essays on Media And Sentences Free Essays on Media And Sentences The definition of crime and the procedures used to deal with the accused are social and political issues. The public’s knowledge of the our criminal justice system is necessary, as their opinions play an important part of the Criminal Code revision process (Roberts & Doob, 1984). The mass media serves as the core of information for citizens of any designated country. It is therefore safe to assume that the media has a great influence over the opinions formed by their readers or listeners. The public is forced to read or listen to the opinion of a particular mass media group such as the New York Times or ABC News to keep up with current events. The public relies on the media to convey accurate and informed information but don’t anticipate the media to do so at the expense of the citizen’s knowledge. Another factor many people are not aware of is that, â€Å"the mass media function in part as an interest group. Each component of the mass media is a business, and like other businesses, it has a direct interest in various areas of public policy† (Vago, 2003). Companies like these have great influence over the American people and what is published or aired by them undeniably has a great impact. News media plays a pivotal role in the formation and transformation of public attitudes towards crime, criminals and the criminal justice system (Doob & Roberts, 1990), and policy makers. This paper will discuss the mass media’s effect over public opinion of sentencing criminals by examining two studies conducted by Doob and Roberts. The second of the studies, 1990, is actually three consecutive studies summarized in one research presentation. The reason for this was to follow up on questions arising from the previous study and to rule out outside influencing factors and most importantly to ensure replication validity of both the 1984 and the current ongoing research. The research executed by Doob and Roberts was conducted by seeking...

The Difference Between Avere and Tenere

The Difference Between Avere and Tenere Learning a new language is not only tough because there are thousands of new words to learn, but even tougher because those words often overlap in meaning. This is definitely the case with the two verbs in Italian - â€Å"tenere - to hold, to keep† and â€Å"avere - to have, to obtain, to hold†. What are the main differences? First, tenere is often understood as to keep or to hold, like to keep a window open, keep a secret or hold a baby. Avere is to understood as meaning, to have, in the sense of possession, like age, fear, or an iPhone. Second, tenere is used, more often in the south, particularly in Naples, in the place of avere, but grammatically, its incorrect. Meaning, even if you hear Tengo 27 anni or Tengo fame, its not grammatically correct. Here are some situations where choosing between avere and tenere might be tricky. Physical Possession 1.) To have/keep an item Ho una mela, ma voglio mangiare un’arancia. - I have an apple, but I want to eat an orange.Non ho una borsa che si abbina a/con questo vestito. - I don’t have a purse that matches this dress.Ho il nuovo iPhone. - I have a new iPhone. In the situation above, you couldnt use tenere as a substitute for avere. Tengo questo iPhone fino alluscita di quello nuovo. - Im keeping this iPhone until the new one comes out. 2.) To not have any money Non ho una lira. - I dont have any money. Here, you can use tenere, but avere is still preferred. Non tengo una lira. - I dont have any money. Non avere/tenere una lira is an expression that literally means, I dont have one lira. To Maintain a Situation 1.) Keep/have a secret È un segreto che tengo per Silvia, quindi non posso dirtelo. - Its a secret that Im keeping for Silvia, so I cant tell it to you. However, if you have a secret and youre not keeping a secret for anybody, you can just use avere. Ho un segreto. Ho un amante! - I have a secret. I have a lover! 2.) Have/keep in pockets Ha le mani in tasca. - He has his hands in his pockets. In this situation, both avere and tenere can be used. Tiene le mani in tasca. - He has (keeps) his hands in his pockets. 3.) Have/keep In mind Ti spiegherà ² quello che ho in mente. - Ill explain to you what I have in mind. In this context, avere and tenere can both be used although the sentence structure will change. Tieni in mente quello che ti ho detto ieri. – Keep in mind what I told you yesterday. To Hold Something 1.) Hold/have a baby in your arms Tiene in braccio un bimbo. Il bebà © ha sei mesi. - She is holding a baby in her arm. The baby is six months. In this situation, you can use avere interchangeably. Ha in braccio un bimbo. Il bebà © ha sei mesi. - She is holding a baby in her arm. The baby is six months. 2.) Have a bouquet of flowers Perchà © hai un mazzo di fiori? Hai molti spasimanti? - Why do you have a bouquet of flowers? Do you have a lot of admirers?Non posso rispondere perchà ¨ ho un mazzo di fiori in mano. - I can’t answer the phone because I’m holding a bouquet of flowers. Then, the person youre talking to might respond to you using the verb tenere. Rispondi, che te lo tengo io. - Answer, and I’ll hold it for you. 3.) Hold a bouquet with style La sposa tiene il bouquet con classe. - The bride holds the bouquet in her hands with style. In the example above, tenere is used to stress the way she holds the bouquet. To help make this easier, use tenere whenever you have something that youre physically holding in mano - in your hands or in braccio - in your arms. It can also be used in figurative expressions, as you saw tenere in mente, but since we would be likely to translate that as keep in mind, its easier to distinguish from avere. Avere, on the other hand, is used to talk about something you possess, either literally or figuratively. If you find yourself in conversation, and you cant think of which one is right to use, its best to ask yourself what the simplest meaning is.  For example, instead of saying, He had a change of heart, you can say, He changed his mind or â€Å"Ha cambiato idea†.

Classical Mythology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Classical Mythology - Essay Example Prometheus possessed the power of foreseeing the future and this blessing was bestowed upon him by his mother, the goddess Themis. Prometheus was basically a Titan that is the gods who ruled before the Olympians and were hence referred to as the old gods. He had assisted Zeus who was an Olympian in coming into power by designing a strategy against Cronos. It is believed that Prometheus had assisted the human beings in multiple ways which included the provision of literature and other skills. But his play principally focused upon the punishment that was imposed upon Prometheus by Zeus for his disobedience of Zeus’s commands of passing on fire to mankind. He was punished by being tied to a rocky mountain where he was taken to by Might and Violence. Hepheastus tied him to the mountain but he felt sorry for Prometheus unlike Might and Violence who do not want to disobey Zeus at any cost. Prometheus further invited trouble for him when he expressed the future of Zeus which accordin g to him showed the fact that Zeus would be overthrown by his own heir from his marriage with a woman. He refused to tell the name of the woman to anyone and Zeus uses all his force and power to make Prometheus reveal this secret. Prometheus is subjected to extreme pain and agony by being tortured with lightning and other methods. Animals eat his liver everyday which again generates every day. Not only this Prometheus has to suffer this forever as he is an immortal and a god and hence would not die. This play provides a good concept of the Greek mythologies. It is enriched with major characters of the Greek religion and learning. The play revolves around major aspects of religion and human beings. It explains the bond that exists between creation and the creator. This can be understood by the fact when Prometheus disobeys Zeus just in order to benefit the human beings as much as

Budgeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Budgeting - Essay Example Budgets can set aims for attaining a certain level of profits and also maintaining expenses. â€Å"Budgeting can help a company use its limited financial and human resources in a manner which best exploit existing business opportunities† (Budgeting 2013). I will agree the statement of â€Å"management of any business will be ineffective without the preparation and use of budgets†. Following are some of arguments that will support to the agreement.Arguments for: - To Help Achieve Organization’s Goals: Budgets play efficient role in attaining organizational goals in this sense that these are the methods through passing which reach at the goals. In budget development process tries to predict that will productively reach at goals or not. Budgets puts the standards to attain goals and with the assist of these standards firms can assess the fluctuations happen throughout the year and aim to ascertain the cause from deviating from attaining the define objectives. Formulation of the budgets allows the organizational management to react actively to the market circumstances to fast way the goal achievement method. Risk identification would allow organization to adopt procedures that would guide to economic risk minimization. - To Compel Planning: The budget planning method allows the management to recognize and evaluation the impact on the organization’s cash flows, inventory planning with the balance sheet. It also allows the organization to access their monetary position and their needs of borrowing from the market. â€Å"Budgetary Control is planned to assist the management for policy formulation, planning, controlling and coordinating the general objectives of budgetary control† (Chapter 27: Budgeting and Budgetary Control n.d.).A financial budget is a firm’s estimated plan for the future period that will be stated in financial terms. It contains planned expenses, revenues, liabilities, assets and cash flows. It also assists the firm to manage its money and allow the management to create confident monetary decisions and get together his aims in the long run. It can also allow managers to arrange, assess them in detail and to decide on the greatest alternative methods. It also su pports managers to predict troubles before they happen, therefore it provide them time to think alternative methods of overcoming the troubles when it happen. It also assists to arrange for unexpected conditions. Budgeting by planning tends creates better result than a choice made at that moment. - To Communicate Ideas and Plans: In the budgeting procedures, managers in all departments justify the resources they require to get their goals. They justify to their managers the scope and capacity of their activities in addition to how their responsibilities will be performed. â€Å"A financial plan, or budget, is a decision-making tool based on the basic principles of scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost† (Budgeting your financial solutions 2013). The communication among subordinates and superiors assists affirms their mutual obligation to organization goals. Additionally, different units and departments must talk with each other throughout the budget

Good sameritan essay Essay Example for Free

Good sameritan essay Essay Should being a Good Samaritan be a law? This is a question that many people do not think about everyday. In my opinion, I believe that there should not be a law on being a Good Samaritan. I believe this because; there should not be a law that causes human beings to put their lives at risk, only to save another’s. This may sound selfish but it is also the truth. Do you think its right for human beings to put their livea at risk to save anothers? The Good Samaritans USA are afraid to Act article states â€Å"They are imposing on us a duty to assist, provided we don’t put ourselves at risk. † (Sjoerdsma Paragraph 4) This means that if we have to be Good Samaritans then there is a chance that we are putting ourselves at risk. There is a chance that we could die. Therefore, there is a chance that there would be many deaths at a cause of this law. If you have a special relationship between the victims, then of course it would only be logical for you to help the person in need. For example, â€Å"certain people have a duty to take care of others†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sjoerdsma Paragraph 9) This would be like between a doctor and a patient. Then it would be the doctor’s duty to make sure that the patient is taken care of. Also the article states â€Å"instead of compelling reluctant incompetent people to intervene, we should concentrate in protecting Good Samaritans who act now without force of law.† (Sjoerdsma Paragraph 6) Here we can clearly see that humans can be good people without law forcing them to do so. It would be better for all of the US to feel like they are doing a good deed by being a Good Samaritan rather than a requirement. Therefore, it shouldn’t be a requirement for US citizens to always be a hero and do an act of kindness. This law would put not only one life at risk but the lives of many others at risk.

Free Speech -- Liberty Rights Papers Internet Censorship

Free Speech â€Å"Whoever would overthrow the liberty of a nation must begin by subduing the freeness of speech.† These words were spoken by Benjamin Franklin, one of our nation’s founding fathers, when the United States was still a newly independent country. Free speech, which is defined as the right to express any opinion in public without censorship or restraint by the government, is a subject that is still present in the minds of many people today. At one extreme of the spectrum is a group of folks that do not care the slightest bit about free speech issues and at another end is a group of people who will vehemently fight to protect their right to free speech. In a middle ground, like most peoples’ stance, lay a large group of individuals who only take notice and take action regarding such issues when they become personally affected. Only when a person is confronted directly with someone or something that limits their actions or ability to express themselves do they begi n to realize just how much they take the right to free speech for granted. And not only is free speech threatening issues becoming more common today, but the age at which individuals come across these threats to free speech is getting even younger. It is starting quite early for today’s children as they are becoming well acquainted with perhaps the most widespread but least recognized threat to our free speech, internet content filters. According to the Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility’s (CPSR) Frequently Asked Questions on filtering, a content filter is one or more pieces of software that work together to prevent users from viewing material found on the Internet and is described by the Electronic Frontier Foundation as a software mechanism for... ...ob at actually restricting access to inappropriate material and rather do a much better job at blocking beneficial resources. First and foremost the issue of government-imposed internet content blocking must be addressed. Once a solution to that has been applied, then the use of filters in general can be tackled. The solution to this can best be summed up by the following quote from the National Research Council’s book, Youth, Pornography, and the Internet, â€Å"Swimming pools can be dangerous for children. To protect them, one can install locks, put up fences, and deploy pool alarms. All these measures are helpful, but by far the most important thing that one can do for one’s children is to teach them to swim.† Once parents address the issues through communication with their children, there will be much less of a need for the â€Å"filtering† software on the market today.

Trouble with Television

The trouble with television My viewpoints on the book written by Marie Winn â€Å"The Trouble with Television† which talks about how television has a negative effects on children and family. I’ve read the book and I agreed with everything author Marie Winn wrote, so I have decided to argue for her on the major points of the book.My first argument for the book will be about the family, it talks about how â€Å"TV Keeps Families From Doing Other Things†, which it explains how a child that spends too much time watching TVs will miss out on a very important part of their learning development, because in the home its where much of the child learns an if the child is watching TV and not learning and bonding with their family, the television will turn off the process that transforms children into people.My second argument will be about TVs is a hidden competitor for all other activities   this topic is about how TVs takes most of your time so you don't have time to do anything else ,TVs is competing with every activities an TVs is the one of the reason why some activities people never get to doThe book also says â€Å"That TVs takes the place of physical fitness and play†, I totally agree with that statement because too many kids are just watching TV, not doing any physical activities at all, studies are showing that people are watching more TVs an getting more obese due to a lack of physical activities, to me after finding that out too much TVs has such a negative effect on physical health, I’ve decide to cut down on the number of hours I spend watching TVs.TV has such a negative effect on school achievement ,that was one of the main points in The Trouble with Television book ,it explains how excessive TVs watching directly negatively affects the brain ,in other words   turns the brain into mush due to more watching TVs and less studying. In my opinion I agree with everything author Marie Winn wrote in The Trouble with Televisio n book.I agree that too TVs is a big problem . I once use to watch TVs so much and never studied I was failing in school, and when I finally turned off the TVs and picked up a book, my grades an my life became so much better, when you turn off the TVs you come back to reality an so some world that wastes your time

Political Attitudes Advocated in 1984

Political Attitudes Advocated in 1984 (AP PROMPT) 1987-Some novels and plays seem to advocate changes in social or political attitudes or in traditions. Choose such a novel or play and note briefly the particular attitudes or traditions that the author apparently wishes to modify. Then analyze the techniques the author uses to influence the reader’s or audience’s views. Avoid plot summary. Do not write about a film or television program. The world sixty years ago as seen by George Orwell was a different place than the one we live in and experience today. Technology was quickly developing and become a part of daily life. Atomic warfare was still a new threat, and the aftershock of its use in World War II was still raw in everyone’s minds. Totalitarianism was seen as a social experiment of sorts, and not having yet experienced the Cold War, some of America’s great minds were still looking at these governments with an open mind. Orwell thought that society needed to be forewarned about both the possible and real dangers of these issues, so his manifesto, 1984, was his call for social change, his call to respect the dangers that technology, war, and totalitarianism introduced. In 1984, George Orwell goes along the same lines as many other influential contemporary authors such as Kurt Vonnegut and Margaret Atwood to create a perfect negative utopia. In this fictional society, Oceania, the government hands out cruelty, oppression, and propaganda as is they were food stamps, and every single aspect of the society, down to diary entries, private conversations, and even personal thoughts, is monitored by the Party through intrusive devices called telescreens. The Party uses everything at its disposal to enforce complete and utter control, from an editing of language to constant surveillance, from historical factual manipulation to physical and psychological torture. As a result of the government’s inadequate ruling and constant manipulation, the members of the Party live in an urban, industrial hell. Orwell vividly and continuously demonstrates the effects of this broken society, and the picture he paints isn’t a pleasant one: Oceania is constantly at war, Party members must completely succumb to mindlessness and conformity to survive, the society is living in a state of decay and poverty, inequality is wide-spread and all consuming, and even the structure and loyalty of families is almost entirely dissolved. The fact that Orwell’s Oceania is modeled after the totalitarian governments of the mid twentieth century is a thinly veiled one, and the critique of these societies is more than obvious. His message, though, isn’t reserved only for these communistic cultures; it’s also directed at us. The moral of the story isn’t just that totalitarian governments, psychological manipulation, and misuse of technology are bad, it’s also that we can’t obliviously sit back and allow such crimes against humanity to continue or even gain power in the first place. Orwell’s warning is effective, too, because he wasn’t just creating a dystopia, he was literally suggesting that this fictional hell could become our reality in thirty-five years if we didn’t change the way we looked at things. We did make it past 1984 without devolving into this reality, but the social commentary presented is still relevant and will always continue to be, because the message really is to keep questioning the world around us and not accept any form of oppression, and that’s one that is important enough to keep in mind for the entire foreseeable future.

Water Properties essays

Water Properties essays Water s presence in the Living World Water is essential in the living world, it is the main component in glacier, sea and present predominantly in living cells. Water is used for drinking, washing and irrigating crops and watering livestock. It also acts as a thermal regulator by smoothing out sudden and large temperature variations in the environment. Water is made of H2O, it can be separated through electrolysis. Hydrogen is present in the cathode, it has twice the volume of Oxygen in anode, and Hydrogen burns furiously and explodingly in the pop test, Oxygen supports burning in the splint test. Water molecules have strong intermolecular force Water is a polar molecular. When Ebonite and Perspex are charged, stream of tap water is attracted to them, water attracts both positive and negative static charged materials. That shows the hydrogen electrons are delocalised and its electron pairs are unevenly shared in the covalent bonding. The bond between water molecules is hydrogen bond, which is caused by attraction of pairs of electropositive hydrogen atom with electrons of oxygen atoms in another molecule. Ionic substances such as NaCl is dissolved in water, polar water molecules have a strong attraction for charged ions, this result ions in NaCl to move freely in water in aqueous state. Water has high surface tension, the liquid has great tendency to form a spherical drop rather than spread out, this property of allow ship transport on water possible. Water molecules are formed through polar interactions, water attract other hydrogen bonds between water molecules. This results water to have strong intermolecular force and high surface tension. Water is the only substance that can exist in the three states(Ice solid, vapour, liquid) under normal range of environmental conditions. Comparing to other covalent molecules such ...

Demonstrated Interest - What It Is and Why It Matters

Demonstrated Interest - What It Is and Why It Matters Demonstrated Interest is one of those nebulous criteria in the college admissions process that can cause great confusion among applicants. Whereas SAT scores, ACT scores, GPA, and extracurricular involvement are measurable in concrete ways, interest can mean something very different to different institutions. Also, some students have a hard time drawing the line between demonstrating interest and harassing the admissions staff. Demonstrated Interest As the name suggests, demonstrated interest refers to the degree to which an applicant has made clear that he or she truly is eager to attend a college. Especially with the Common Application and free Cappex Application, its easy for students to apply to multiple schools with very little thought or effort. While this may be convenient for applicants, it presents a problem for colleges. How can a school know if an applicant is truly serious about attending? Thus, the need for demonstrated interest. There are many ways to demonstrate interest. When a student writes a supplemental essay that reveals a passion for a school and detailed knowledge of the schools opportunities, that student is likely to have an advantage over a student who writes a generic essay that could be describing any college. When a student visits a college, the expense and effort that goes into that visit reveal a degree of meaningful interest in the school. College interviews and college fairs are other forums in which an applicant can show interest in a school. Probably the strongest way an applicant can demonstrate interest is by applying through an early decision program. Early decision is binding, so a student who applies via early decision is committing to the school. Its a large reason why the early decision acceptance rates are often more than twice the acceptance rate of the regular applicant pool.   Colleges and Universities That Consider Demonstrated Interest   A study by the National Association for College Admission Counseling found that about half of all colleges and universities place either moderate or high importance on an applicants demonstrated interest in attending the school.   Many colleges will tell you that demonstrated interest is not a factor in the admissions equation. For example, Stanford University, Duke University, and Dartmouth College  explicitly state that they do  not take demonstrated interest into account when evaluating applications. Other schools such as Rhodes College, Baylor University, and Carnegie Mellon University explicitly state that they do consider an applicants interest during the admissions process. However, even when a school says it does not consider demonstrated interest, the admissions folks are usually just referring to specific types of demonstrated interest such as phone calls to the admissions office or visits to campus. Applying early to a selective university and writing supplemental essays that show you know the university well will certainly improve your chances of being admitted. So in this sense, demonstrated interest is important at nearly all selective colleges and universities.   How Colleges Value Demonstrated Interest Colleges have good reason for taking demonstrated interest into account as they make their admissions decisions. For obvious reasons, schools want to enroll students who are eager to attend. Such students are likely to have a positive attitude toward the college, and they are less likely to transfer to a different institution. As alumni, they might be more likely to make donations to the school. Also, colleges have a much easier time predicting their yield if they extend offers of admission to students who have high levels of interest. When the admissions staff can predict the yield fairly accurately, they are able to enroll in a class that is neither too big nor too small. They also have to rely far less on waitlists. These questions of yield, class size, and waitlists translate into significant logistical and financial issues for a college. Thus, it isnt surprising that many colleges and universities take a students demonstrated interest seriously. This also explains why schools like Stanford and Duke dont put much weight on demonstrated interest; the most elite colleges are almost guaranteed a high yield on their offers of admission, so they have less uncertainty in the admissions process.

Sexeducation Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sexeducation - Speech or Presentation Example The Problem Sex education is a major issue all over the world. The most widely debated point is whether to educate children about sex. Why do children need to know about sex? Should children learn about sex? At what age should they learn it? All of these questions are hotly debated. This topic has its pros and cons like any other topic, but which arguments are the most convincing? Let’s take a look at the way sex education is handled in two different cultures: American culture and Arab culture. Most people in the United States learn about sex in school, but in Arab culture they are more likely to learn from their parents. I think that makes a big difference. Where and how young people first learn about sex is very important. Bad sex education at an early age could lead to many problems. Fortunately, there is a solution. When introducing young people to a new idea, it’s important to be cautious and make sure they are ready. For example, you shouldn’t teach a five- year-old about the specifics of sex that he isn’t yet ready to understand any more than you would try to feed a baby solid foods before he is able to chew them. Kids should be guided into the topic at a pace that they can understand. It’s important to teach kids about sex carefully, in small steps.

Srategic analysis of an e-business application initiative Assignment

Srategic analysis of an e-business application initiative - Assignment Example Commerce institutes of the interchange of the products and services between groups, individuals and businesses and the act is as an essential activity in any business. Methods in e-business enable the link of internal and external data processing system between firms flexible and efficient to work with as the partners and the suppliers communicate easily (Vaman 94). This enhances the need to satisfy the customer expectations and needs in a better way. Though the internet is public, companies tend to use secure and private networks for effective and proficient administration of their core functions. Anheuser- Busch InBev brewing company is one of the largest suppliers of beer in the global market. The multinational company operates from Belgium-Brazil and its headquarters based in Leuven, Belgium (Grant). The company constitutes of 25% market share as it is the world’s largest brewer and owns seventeen brands that produce, individually, over one billion US dollars revenue in a year out of the two hundred portfolio in 2013. There are global brands included in the portfolio. These brands are Stella Artois, Budweiser and Corona. The international brands constitute Hoegaarden, Leffe and Beck’s. The locally based brands include Skol, Antarctica, Bud Light, Brahma, Quilmes and Habrin (Elliott 107). Anheuser- Busch InBev Company hires over one hundred and fifty thousand people in twenty-four different countries. There was an interbred in 2004 where the company merged to form Am Bev thus created the world largest brewer. The company operates. Revenue of all the 200 AB InB ev brands totaled to over forty three billion US dollars in 2013. Apart from the brewing and packaging operations, the companies participate in agricultural operations and environmental conservation programs. This program promotes marketing of the company products as the

EMOHRUO (Airspace Management and Air Traffic Services) Essay

EMOHRUO (Airspace Management and Air Traffic Services) - Essay Example This report will delineate the major issues associated with the airspace management and air traffic services required for Emohruo. Reference will continuously be made to the map of Emohruo which is displayed below for reference. Within the scope of future airspace management and air traffic services Emohruo will emerge as an island nation with multiple roles. Given that Emohruo sits at the cross roads of international traffic, it is highly likely that the nation will see international traffic in the shape of connecting flights from all directions. Moreover the prospect of LVI developing into a gambling den is very real and will present a lot of international and regional tourist traffic. The air traffic will also be augmented by needs of the mining industry as well as the fishing industry along with the ski resort SKI to the north east. On the other hand, domestic traffic will most likely flow along the eastern coast and to the mid western town of MP4. Constant movement will be required between LVI, the mining towns, the fishing industry, SKI and the cities of BP 1, 2 and 3 as well as MP4 in order to provide goods and services. This will represent the domestic air traffic load. Another set of air traffic is presented by military needs especially in wake of the recent civil war and whilst required this component of air traffic will have to be kept isolated from all other forms of traffic for strategic reasons. The current location of the military exercise areas (refer to Figure One above) is isolated from cities and other commercial functions and should be maintained as such. Consequently commercial air traffic from the west over the military zone will be forbidden and should be designated as a no fly zone. The military setup could also be removed and moved further down south just above MP4 such that traffic towards LVI will not interfere with it but this presents two problems. One there may

Whittingtons Four Generic Approaches To Strategy Commerce Essay

Whittingtons Four Generic Approaches To Strategy Commerce Essay Figure 1 illustrates the two processes of strategy formulation; the deliberate and the emergent. The deliberate process produces the intended strategy while the emergent process produces an evolved strategy from unplanned changes in either the organization or the environment (Mintzberg Waters, 1985 cited in Batamuriza et al, 2006). Each of the four approaches gives differing views of how strategy is formulated. Classical approach The classical approach is the most prominent of the four approaches to strategy. It is a rational and deliberate approach to strategy formulation with a unitary objective of profit maximization (Whittington, 2001). The classical approach assumes the business environment to be predictable and so designs a rational and logical approach that will enable the organization to achieve its goals and objectives. The classical approach uses rational planning methodology such as PESTLE analysis to craft strategy (Mullins, 2007). A limitation of this approach is the uncertainty of events may occur in the macro environment that may render the approach obsolete (Wright, 2000). The classical and evolutionary approaches share a similarity as they both agree on the unitary goal of profit maximization as the outcome of strategy, however the evolutionary takes a different position as it relies on the ability of the market to secure profit maximization (Whittington 2001). While the classical approach is similar to Gareth Morgans machine metaphor which connotes efficiency, in the context of Mintzbergs schools of thought it is synonymous with designing, planning and positioning schools of thought which is line with Frederick Taylors Scientific school (Mintzberg, 1998). Evolutionary approach to strategy The evolutionary is an emergent approach to strategy formulation, it relies on the ability of the market to secure a unitary goal of profit maximization. It believes that evolution is natures cost benefit analysis (Einhorn Hogath 1988:114 cited in Whittington 2001, p.16) and so it does not matter whatever the strategy the manager puts in place, it is the market that will decide the best. While the evolutionary and the processual approaches share the same view on the unsuitability of the classical approach to cope with an unpredictable environment, the evolutionary believe in allowing the market to determine the choice strategy, while the processual require the organization to maintain the status quo and work with it (Whittington, 2001). A limitation of this approach is to ask if it is realistic to base a strategy only on the needs of the environment irrespective of the resources of the organization (Batamuriza et al, 2006). What happens if an organization operates in an unstable environment?, how often will such an organization need to develop its strategy? While this approach share a similarity with Gareth Morgans metaphor of organism and its ability to adapt to its environment (Morgan, 2006), it is also synonymous with Mintzbergs school environment as the determinant of strategy which is in line with the Contingency Theory (Mintzberg, 1998) Processual approach to Strategy In contrast with the classical and evolutionary approaches, the processual pursue pluralist goals as it seeks more than profit maximization as the expected outcome of strategy. This is a messy approach which places emphasis on bottom-up approach in which strategy emerge from individuals in the organization seeking to include their personnel objectives as part of the organizational goals (Batamuriza et al, 2006). The processual and the systemic approaches share a similarity in pluralist goals as the outcome of strategy but differ in their approaches, while the processual favours the emergent process, the systemic is goes with the deliberate (Whittington, 2001). The processual and the classical approaches also share a similarity as they both rely on an organizations micro environment as the determinant of strategy formulation (Batamuriza et al, 2006). A limitation of this approach is the challenge in the choice of strategy to be adopted and the insecurity of what job functions the managers perform if strategy formulation is a bottom-up approach (Batamuriza et al, 2006). The processual shares a relationship with Mintzbergs learning and power schools where uncertainty and politicking rules. The Mintzberg school of learning is in line with the theory of organizational learning while the power which relates to power distance theory (Mintzberg, 1998). The processual also shares a similarity with Gareth Morgans metaphor on psychic and political images of repression and conflict processes of strategy formulation respectively (Morgan, 2006). Systemic approach to Strategy The systemic is a deliberate approach to strategy which favours pluralist goals as the outcome of strategy. It not only seeks an approach to strategy formulation based on the socio-economic systems of the environment, but also organization goals that depends on the local rules in which the organization operates (Whittington, 2001). In this approach both the process and the outcome of strategy must align with the cultural rules of the local society. The systemic and the classical approaches share the same perspective on long-term planning but however differ on expected outcome of strategy. While the classical seek a unitary outcome of profit maximization, the systemic seeks a pluralist outcome which is dependent on the social context in which the organization is operating. For example, while the Americans seek unitary goal of profit maximization, the Koreans prefer pluralistic goals of growth and market share.(Whittington 2001). It also shares a similarity with evolutionary approach as they both favour the macro environment as the determinant of strategy formulation. A limitation of this approach is the process of strategy formulation which is in alignment with its social context, this then gives the impression of a strategy formulation that is according to itself (Batamuriza et al, 2006). Systemic approach is identical to Mintzbergs cultural school (Mintzberg, 1998) which is line with cultural intelligence theory and Gareth Morgans metaphor of culture as an image organization (Morgan, 2006). Conclusion Every organization and individual exist and operate in an ever changing environment with the aim of achieving one aim or the other from time to time with different objectives, subject to different conditions, thereby rendering irrelevant some known approaches in favour of alternatives and more relevant methodology. Whittington has no doubt made very valid contribution to strategy crafting that will stand the test of time, as it condemns rigidity to embrace flexibility in strategy crafting, as well as being responsive to changes within business environmental variables, that necessitate modification as the need arises. Strategy does matter as it gives meaning to an organization which enables the employees and the outside world indentify with that organization. There are different approaches to strategy, but they fall under two processes; deliberate or emergent. It is not enough for organizations to have a strategy, the formulation and implementation must flow together through the process of crafting. It has been said that strategy that is formulated by the top hierarchy of organizations, far removed from daily operations have been responsible for the fall of many of such organizations (Mintzberg 1987) From the above discussion, it is evident that there is no single definition for strategy, rather it is what an individual or organization makes it to be. An organization can survive without a strategy, for such an organization having no strategy could also be a strategy! Effective strategies can show up in the strangest places and develop through the most unexpected means. There is no one best way to make strategy (Mintzberg 1987, pp70).

The Impact Of The Enlightenment On The Colonies :: American History

The intellectual current known as the Enlightenment deeply affected the learned clergymen who headed colonial colleges and their students. Around 1650, some European thinkers began to analyze nature in order to determine the laws governing the universe. They employed experimentation and abstract reasoning to discover general principles behind phenomena such as the motions of planets and stars, the behavior of falling objects, and the characteristics of light and sound. Above, all Enlightenment philosophers emphasized acquiring knowledge through reason, taking particular delight challenging previously unquestioned assumptions. John Lockes Essay Concerning Human Understanding disputed the notion that human beings are born already imprinted with innate ideas. All knowledge, locke asserted, derives form ones observations of the external world. Belief in witchcraft and astrology, among other similar phenomena, thus came under attack. The Enlightenment had an enormous impact on educated, well to do people in Europe and America. It supplied them with a common vocabulary and a unified view of the world, one that insisted that the enlightened 18th century was better, and wiser, than all previous ages. It joined them in a common endeavor, the effort to make sense of God's orderly creation. Thus American naturalists like John and William Bartram supplied European scientists with information about New World plants and animals so that they could be included in newly formulated universal classification systems. Americans interested in astronomy took part in an international effort to learn about the solar system by studying a rare occurrence, the transit of Venus across the face of the sun in 1769. An example of the Americans participation in the Enlightenment was Benjamin Franklin, who retired from a successful printing business himself to scientific experimentation and public service. His experiments and observation on electricity established the terminology and basic theory of electricity still used today. The experimentation encouraged by the Enlightenment affected the lives of ordinary Americans most dramatically through advances in medicine specifically, the control of smallpox. The Reverend Cotton Mather, the prominent Puritan cleric, learned from his African born slave about the benefits of inoculation (deliberately infecting a person with a mild case of a disease) as a protects against smallpox. When Boston in 1720-1721 suffered a major small pox epidemic, Mather urged the adoption of inoculation despite fierce opposition from the cities leading physician. Mortality rates eventually supported Mather- of those inoculated, just 3 percent died; of other 15 percent.

Absolute Time Essay

Instructions (Q 7-Q 16): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. â€Å"Life is not just party and pleasure; it is also pain and despair. Unthinkable things happen. Sometimes everything turns upside down. Bad things happen to good people. Some things are beyond control, such as physical disability and birth defects. We cannot choose our parents or the circumstances of our birth. So if the ball bounced that way, sorry. But what do we do from here; cry or take the ball and run? That is a choice we have to make. On a clear day, there are hundreds of boats sailing in all different directions in a lake. How come? Even though the wind is blowing in one direction, the sailboats are going in different directions. What is the difference? It depends on the way the sail is set, and that is determined by the sailor. The same is true of our lives. We can’t choose the direction of the wind, but we can choose how we set the sail. We can choose our attitude even though we cannot always choose our circumstances. The choice is either to act like a victor or a victim. It is not our position but our disposition that determines our destiny. It takes both rain and sunshine to create a rainbow. Our lives are no different. There is happiness and sorrow. There is the good and the bad; dark and bright spots. If we can handle adversity, it only strengthens us. We cannot control all the events that happen in our lives, but we can control how we deal with them. Richard Blechnyden wanted to promote Indian tea at the St. Louis World fair in 1904. It was very hot and no one wanted to sample his tea. Blechnyden saw that all the other iced drinks were doing flourishing business. It dawned on him to make his tea into an iced drink, mix in sugar and sell it. He did and people loved it. That was the introduction of iced tea to the world. When things go wrong, as they sometimes will, we can react responsibly or resentfully. Human beings are not like an action which has no choice. An action cannot decide whether to become a giant tree or to become food for the squirrels. Human beings have choices. If nature gives us a lemon, we have a choice: either cry or make lemonade. † 7. â€Å"We cannot choose our parents or the circumstances of our birth† – by this statement what does the author mean? (a) Some things do not take place according to our choice (b) There are certain things in which we do not have any reach (c) Some things in this world are pre-determined. (d) All of the above Ans. (d) 8. By what the author tells us that choice is ours? (a) We can cry (b) We can take the ball and run away (c) We can either cry or can take the ball and run away (d) None of the above Ans. (c) 9. The opposite of the word ‘victor’? (a) Loser (b) Winner (c) Victim (d) Warrior Ans. (a) 10. What determines our destiny? (a) The way that we normally think and behave, that shows what type of person we are (d) The position we hold (c) Our being a winner (d) All of the above Ans. (a) 11. The best title for the above passage could be – (a) Right Choice (b) Pre-determination. (c) Choices defines our lives (d) Life is all about making the right choices Ans. (d) 12. According to the author, what still can be chosen if not everything in life? (a) Circumstances (b) Attitude (c) direction of life (d) None of these Ans. (b) 13. On what has the author emphasized? (a) Destiny (b) Choice (c) Action (d) All of these Ans. (b) 14. By the example of Blechnyden’s Iced Tea which message does the author give? (a) Choice is ours (b) Destiny is pre-determined (c) We have fix actions; we can not do beyond that (d) None of the above Ans. (a) 15. What does actually strengthen us? (a) Making choices (b) Handling adversity (c) Determining destiny (d) Working beyond capacity Ans. (b) 16. The synonym of ‘flourishing’ is – (a) Spoiling (b) Drowning (c) Booming (d) Hiding Ans. (c) 17. During a 5-day festival, the number of visitors tripled each day. If the festival opened on a Thursday with 345 visitors, what was the attendance on that Sunday? (a) 345 (b)1,035 (c)1,725 (d) 9,315 Ans. (d) 18. Which of the following has the least value? (a) 0. 27 (b) 1/4 (c) 3/8 (d) 11% Ans. (d) 19. Which year did the same number of boys and girls attend the conference? (a) 1995 (b) 1996 (c) 1997. (d) 1998 Ans. (a) 20. Which two years did the least number of boys attend the convention? (a) 1995 and 1996 (b) 1995 and 1998 (c) 1996 and 1997 (d) 1997 and 1994 Ans. (a) 21. Examine the following three statements : 1. Proceesed meat is a perishable food 2. All perishable foods are packed in sealed tins 3. Sealed tins sometimes to do not contains processed meat Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the above statements? (a) Sealed tins always contain perishable food (b) Processed meat is sometimes not packed in sealed tins (c) Proceessed meat is always packed in seald tins. (d) Non-Perishable foods are never packed in seald tins Ans. (c) 22. Production of Rice and Wheat (In millions of Tonnes)| | Year| Rice| Wheat| Percentage of Wheat to Rice| 1950-51| 20. 58| 6. 46| 31. 4| 1960-61| 34. 58| 11. 00| 31. 8| 1970-71| 42. 22| 23. 83| 56. 4| 1980-81| 53. 63| 36. 31| 67. 7| 1990-91| 74. 29| 55. 14| 74. 2| 1994-95| 81. 81| 65. 77| 80. 4| 1995-96| 79. 62| 62. 62| 78. 6| The above table indicates the performance in India in rice and wheat production from 1950-51 to 1995-96. Which of the following conclusions arrived at from the above table would be valid? 1. Record production of rice as well as wheat has been in 1994-95 2. The ratio of wheat to rice production seems to have steadily increased over 16 years 3. Wheat has not been popular among the Indian population before 1980. 4. India became self-sufficient in rice and wheat only after 1990. Select the correct answer using the codes given below Codes: (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (c) 3 and 4 (d) None Ans. (a) 23. A father left a will of Rs. 35 lakhs between his two daughters aged 8. 5 and 16 such that they may get equal amounts when each of them reach the age of 21 years. The original amount of Rs. 35 lakhs has been instructed to be invested at 10% p. a. simple interest. How much did the elder daughter get at the time of the will? (a) Rs. 17. 5 lakhs (b) Rs. 21 lakhs (c) Rs. 15 lakhs (d) Rs. 20 lakhs Ans. (b) 24. What will Rs. 1500 amount to in three years if it is invested in 20% p. a. compound interest, interest being compounded annually? (a) 2400 (b) 2592 (c) 2678 (d) 2540 Ans. (b) 25. What is the area of the largest triangle that can be fitted into a rectangle of length aâ‚ ¬? laâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ units and width aâ‚ ¬? waâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ units? (a) lw/3 (b) (2lw)/3 (c) (3lw)/4. (d) (lw)/2 Ans. (d) 26. Which of the following is inCorrect? (a) An incentre is a point where the angle bisectors meet. (b) The median of any side of a triangle bisects the side at right angle. (c) The point at which the three altitudes of a triangle meet is the orthocentre (d) The point at which the three perpendicular bisectors meet is the centre of the circumcircle. Ans. (b) 27. How long will it take for a sum of money to grow from Rs. 1250 to Rs. 10,000, if it is invested at 12. 5% p. a simple interest? (a) 8 years (b) 64 years (c) 72 years (d) 56 years Ans. (d) 28. Rs. 5887 is divided between Shyam and Ram, such that Shyamaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s share at the end of 9 years is equal to Ramaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s share at the end of 11 years, compounded annually at the rate of 5%. Find the share of Shyam. (a) 2088 (b) 2000 (c) 3087 (d) None of these Ans. (c) Directions (Q 28-Q 32): Study the following information carefully to answer these questions. Eight members A, B, C, 0, E, F, G and H belonging to three families X, Y, Z go for weekend outing in three different cars I, II, III. Four out of the eight members are females. Members of any one family travel in different cars. Each car has at least one male and one female member. Each family has at least two members. A belongs to family Y and he travels in car III. D is wife of E and they travel in cars I and II respectively. H is son of B, who is wife ofG, and they belong to family Z. C is daughter of F, who is wife of A. C travels in car II. G does not travel with F. 29. Which of the following groups of persons travels in car I? (a) 0, F,G (b) D,E,G (c) D,G, H (d) D, F, H Ans. (d) 30. Which of the following members of families Y and Z travel in different cars? (a) F,G (b) C,G (c) F,H (d) None of these. Ans. (a) 31. Which of the following groups of persons is a group of all females? (a) B,D,G (b) A,B,C (c) B,E,F (d) None of these Ans. (d) 32. Which of the following members of families X and Y travel in the same car? (a) C,F (b) D,F (c) C,0 (d) F, E Ans. (b) 33. When a student weighing 45 kgs left a class, the average weight of the remaining 59 students increased by 200g. What is the average weight of the remaining 59 students? (a) 57 kgs (b) 56. 8 kgs (c) 58. 2 kgs (d) 52. 2 kgs Ans. (a) 34. Three math classes: X, Y, and Z, take an algebra test. The average score in class X is 83. The average score in class Y is 76. The average score in class Z is 85. The average score of all students in classes X and Y together is 79. The average score of all students in classes Y and Z together is 81. What is the average for all the three classes? (a) 81 (b) 81. 5 (c) 82 (d) 84. 5 Ans. (b) 35. The average of 5 quantities is 10 and the average of 3 of them is 9. What is the average of the remaining 2? (a) 11 (b) 12 (c) 11. 5 (d) 12. 5 Ans. (c) 36. A stairway 10ft high is such that each step accounts for half a foot upward and one-foot forward. What distance will an ant travel if it starts from ground level to reach the top of the stairway? (a) 30 ft (b) 33 ft (c) 10 ft (d) 29 ft Ans. (d) 37. Each interior angle of a regular polygon is 120 degrees greater than each exterior angle. How many sides are there in the polygon? (a) 6 (b) 8 (c)12 (d) 3 Ans. (c) 38. A and B are two points with the co-ordinates (-2, 0) and (0, 5). What is the length of the diagonal AC if AB form one of the sides of the square ABCD? (a) units (b) units (c) units (d) units Ans. (b) 39. The average weight of a class of 24 students is 36 years. When the weight of the teacher is also included, the average weight increases by 1kg. What is the weight of the teacher? (a) 60 kgs (b) 61 kgs (c) 37 kgs (d) None of these Ans. (b) 40. The average of 5 quantities is 10 and the average of 3 of them is 9. What is the average of the remaining 2? (a) 11 (b) 12 (c) 11. 5 (d) 12. 5 Ans. (c) Instruction (Q. 40-Q 43): Four question given below are based on the following information. Answer the questions after reading the information carefully. (i) Nine friends A, B,C, D, E, F, G, H, and I are sitting on a bench in the classroom. (ii) ‘C’ who is at immediate right of ‘D’ is third to the right of ‘E’. (iii) ‘B’ is at one end. (iv) ‘H’ is nearest neighbour of ‘F’ and ‘G’ (v) ‘F’ is third to the left of ‘B’ (vi) ‘A’ is at immediate left of ‘F’ 41. Which of the following statement is correct on the basis of above order of sitting? (a) D and H Have three people sitting between them. (b) ‘B’ is fourth to the right of F. (c) ‘I’ is at immediate left of A. (d) E and C are Neighbours. Ans. (a) 42. Which of the following groups of friends is sitting at the left of ‘C’? (a) BIG (b) AFH (c) EID (d) BAG Ans. (c) 43. Which of the following is at the other end i. e. other that that end on which ‘B’ is sitting? (a) G (b) H (c) I (d) E Ans. (d) 44. Who is sitting exactly in the middle of the bench? (a) H (b) C (c) A (d) G Ans. (c) 45. A 400 meter long train crosses and 800 meter long platform in 1 min 20 sec. What is the speed of the train? (a) 48 km/hr (b) 60 km/hr (c) 72 km/hr (d) 54 km/hr Ans. (d) 46. If the root of equation px2 + qx +r = 0 is double of the other root, which one the following is correct? (a) 2 q2 = 9 pr (b) 2 q2 = 9 (c) 4 q2 = 9 r (d) 9 q2 = 2 pr Ans. (a) 47. A takes 4 days and B takes 5 days to finish a job. If both of them work together on the same job, what proportion of the work is done by A? (a) 4/9 (b) 5/9 (c) 6/9. (d) 7/9 Ans. (b) 48. The 3rd term of a Geometric progression is 36 and its 6th term is 288. Its 8th term will be: (a) 784 (b) 576 (c) 1152 (d) 2302 Ans. (c) 49. In a two digit number, the sum of the digits is 8. If 54 is subtracted from this number, its digits interchange themselves. What is the product of the digits of the number? (a) 7 (b) 12 (c) 16 (d) 0 Ans. (a) 50. The difference between simple interest and compound interest on certain amount for 2 years at the same rate of interest is Rs. 18. If the rate doubled, what will be the difference? (a) Rs. 9 (b) Rs. 36 (c) Rs. 72 (d) Rs. 27 Ans. (c) 51. A dog is tied to a pole by a long chain. Keeping the chain fully stretched, the dog moves along a circular path covering 132 m, subtends an angle of 90 degree at the centre, Neglecting the portion of the chain used in typing, find the length of the chain. (a) 70 m (b) 78 m (c) 84 m (d) 88 m Ans. (c) 52. A merchant buys same quantities of two types of toys – one at the rate of 3 toys for Rs. 10 and the other, at the rate of 5 toys for Rs. 20. At what price he must sell all the toys so that he has no profit and no loss in the transaction? (a) 8 toys for Rs. 30 (b) 3 toys for Rs. 11 (c) 5 toys for Rs. 18. (d) 8 toys for Rs. 22 Ans. (b) 53. Find the equation of a line whose intercepts are twice of the line 3x – 2y – 12 = 0 (a) 3x – 2y = 24 (b) 2x – 3y = 12 (c) 2x – 3y = 24 (d) None of these Ans. (a) 54. The difference between the compound interest and the simple interest on a certain sum at 12% p. a. for two years is Rs. 90. What will be the value of the amount at the end of 3 years? (a) 9000 (b) 6250 (c) 8530. 80 (d) 8780. 80 Ans. (d) 55. Vijay invested Rs. 50,000 partly at 10% and partly at 15%. His total income after a year was Rs. 7000. How much did heinvest at the rate of 10%? (a) Rs. 40,000 (b) Rs. 40,000. (c) Rs. 12,000 (d) Rs. 20,000 Ans. (b) 56. The average weight of a class of 24 students is 36 years. When the weight of the teacher is also included, the average weight increases by 1kg. What is the weight of the teacher? (a) 60 kgs (b) 61 kgs (c) 37 kgs (d) None of these Ans. (b) Instructions for the following Question: Read the following information to answer the question given below. The following conditions have been decided for the selection of Research Assistants. The candidate must: (i) Be less than 35 years of age. (ii) Be graduate in Psychology, Education or Commerce or Postgraduate in any other subject. (iii) Secure 50% marks in entrance examination. (iv) Secure A or O grade in Interview. (v) Have passed a certificate course in Methodology Research. (vi) Have recommendation of any one lecturer. If a candidate fulfills all the conditions, except (a) (i), but if he is registered for Ph. D. , his case is to be kept in waiting list. (b) (iii), but if he has secured 45% marks in entrance examination and O grade in interview, his case is to be referred to the Dean. (c) (v), but if he has qualified certificate course in Statistics, his case is to be referred to the Head Of Department. You have to decide in each of the following cases that what is the possibility of selection of the candidate? If the information is not sufficient to take any decision then your answer will be ‘data inadequate’. This information has been given to you as on 15. 12. 1996. 57. Raman has secured 60% marks in graduation with commerce subject. He has got specialization in certificate course in Methodology Research and he also has the recommendation from the lecturer under whom he is registered for Ph. D. His date of birth is 9. 12. 61. He has secured 68% marks in entrance examination and got A grade in interview. (a) Will not be selected. (b) Data inadequate (c) Will be selected. (d) Will be kept in waiting List. Ans. (d) 58. ’ means ‘–’; ‘–’ means ‘x’; ‘x’ means ‘+’ and ‘+’If ‘ 80 – 40 + 20 = ? ’, then 40 ? 120 means ‘ (a) 80 (b) 120 (c) 60 (d) 0 Ans: (d) 59. A businessman makes a profit of 20% on the sale of leather. If he were to add 10% artificial matter to the leather, by what percent would his profit increase? (a) 25% (b) 60% (c) 40% (d) 45% Ans. (b) 60. In a team, eight boys play Chess. The remaining boys, who represent 7 times the square root of the strength of the tem, play Mouth organ. What is the strength of the team? (a) 36 (b) 16 (c) 64 (d) 100 Ans. (c) 61. Cost price of 15 Computers is equal to the selling price of 20 Computers, then the loss percent would be (a) 25% (b) 20% (c) 30% (d) 45% Ans. (a) 62. How many natural numbers between 1 and 900 are not multiples of any of the numbers 2, 3, or 5? (a) 240 (b) 250 (c) 270 (d) 300 Ans. (a) 63. The age of a man is three times the sum of the ages of his two sons. Five years hence, his age will be double of the sum of the ages of his sons. The father’s present age is (a) 40 years (b) 45 years (c) 50 years (d) 55 years. Ans. (b) Instruction (Q 62-Q 63): In the two questions given below, a statement followed by two arguments I and II has been given. You have to decide which argument is strong and which one is weak? Give your answer as: (a) If only argument I is strong; (b) If only agreement II is strong; (c) If neither argument I nor argument II is strong; (d) If both argument I and argument II are strong. 64. Statement: Should freelance work programme be stopped at private companies? Argument: I. Yes, the mutual interaction of the employee and office environment helps in overall quality of work. II. No, such demand comes from that group only who don’t have any idea of work loads and pressure. Ans. (d) 65. Statement: Should usage of pesticides in agriculture be banned in India? Agriculture be banned in India? Arguments: I. Yes, because pesticides pollute the environment and are also harmful for the ecology. II. No, the safety of crops is not possible without these and food products will become very expensive due to lack of food production. Ans. (d) 66. If the numbers representing volume and surface area of a cube are equal, then the length of the edge of the cube in terms of the unit of measurement will be (a) 3. (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6 Ans. (d) 67. In a group of travelling in a bus, 6 persons can speak Tamil, 15 can speak Hindi and 6 can speak Gujrati. In that group none can speak any other language. If 2 persons in the group can speak two languages and one person can speak all the three languages, then how many persons are there in the group? (a) 21 (b) 22 (c) 23 (d) 24 Ans. (d) 68. A boat which has a speed of 5 km/hr in still water crosses a river of width 1 km along the shortest possible path in 15 minutes. The velocity of the river water in km/hr is (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) v41 Ans. (a) 69. When three coins are tossed together the probability that all coins have the same face up, is (a) 1/3 (b) 1/6 (c) 1/8 (d) 1/12 Ans. (c) Directions (Q 68-Q 72):,Study the following arrangement carefully and answer the questions given below: H93P$KE%4FR I U@WG2MI5BQZ6 ©*N&8VJ 70. If all the symbols and numbers are dropped from the above arrangement, which of the following will be the fourteenth from the right end? (a) M (b) K (c) W (d) E Ans. (d) 71. What should come in place of the question mark (? ) in the following series based on the above arrangement? _PK% RUW M5Q ? (a)  ©N8. (b)  ©N15 (c) 15*15 (d) 6*8 Ans. (a) 72. How many such numbers are there in the above arrangement each of which is immediately preceded by a letter and immediately followed by a symbol? (a) None (b) One (c) Two (d) Three Ans. (b) 73. Which of the following is the seventh-to the left of the twentieth from the left end of the above arrangement? (a) U (b)S (c)M (d)N Ans. (a) 74. How many such consonants are there in the above arrangement each of which is immediately followed by a number but not immediately preceded by a number? (a) None (b) One (c) Two (d) More than three Ans. (d) 75. Left pan of faulty weighs 100gram more than is right pan. A shopkeeper keeps the weight measure in the left pan while buying goods but keeps it in the right pan while selling his goods. He uses only 1kg weight measure. If he sells his goods at the listed cost price, What is his gain? (a) 200/11% (b) 100/11% (c) 1000/9% (d) 200/9% Ans. (a) 76. Societies have been increasing in complexity from folk to industrial. Under this circumstances, according to you social control is more likely to be invested in – (a) family (b) school (c) state (d) religious structures Ans. (c). Instructions (Q 77-Q 86): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. â€Å"The big difference between the ideas of Aristotle and those of Galileo and Newton is that Aristotle believed in a preferred state of rest, which any body would take up if it were not driven by some force or impulse. In particular, he thought that the earth was at rest. But it follows from Newton’s laws that there is no unique standard of rest. One could equally well say that body A was at rest and body B was moving at constant speed with respect to body A, or that body B was at rest and body A was moving. For example, if one sets aside for a moment the rotation of the earth and its orbit round the sun, one could say that the earth was at rest and that a train on it was travelling north at ninety miles per hour or that the train was at rest and the earth was moving south at ninety miles per hour. If one carried out experiments with moving bodies on the train, all Newton’s laws would still hold. For instance, playing Ping-pong on the train, one would find that the ball obeyed Newton’s laws just like a ball on a table by the track. So there is no way to tell whether it is the train or the earth that is moving. The lack of an absolute standard of rest meant that one could not determine whether two events that took place at different times occurred in the same position in space. For example, suppose our Ping-Pong ball on the train bounces straight up and down. Hitting the table twice on the same spot one second apart. To someone on the track, the two bounces would seem to take place about forty meters apart, because the train wood have traveled that far down the track between the bounces. The nonexistence of absolute rest therefore meant that one could not give an event an absolute position in space, as Aristotle had believed. The position of events and the distance between them would be different far a person of the train and one on he track, and there would be no reason to prefer one person’s position to the other’s. Newton was very worried by this lack of absolute position, or absolute space, as it was called, because it did not accord with his idea of an absolute God. In fact, he refused to accept lack of absolute space, even though it was implied by his laws. He was severely criticized for this irrational belief by many people, most notably by Bishop Berkeley, a philosopher who believed that all material objects and space and time are an illusion. When the famous Dr. Johnson was told of Brekeley’s opinion, he cried, â€Å"I refute it thus! † and stubbed his toe on a large stone. Both Aristotle and Newton believed in absolute time. That is, they believed that one could unambiguously measure the interval of time between two events, and that this time would be the same whoever measured it, provided they used a good clock. Time was completely separate from and independent of space. This is what most people would take to be the commonsense view. However, we have had to change our ideas about space and time. Although our apparently commonsense nations work well when dealing with things like apples, or planets that travels comparatively slowly, they don’t work at all things moving at or near the speed of light. † 77. Consider the following statements: 1. Newton is a firm beliver of both absolute time and a preferred state of rest 2. Aristotle believer in absolute time 3. Newton believes in absolute time 4. Galileo believes in a preferred state of rest (a) 1 Only (b) 1 & 2 (c) 2 & 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 & 4 Ans. (c) 78. According to the author, what is the need of space? 1. To set an absolute standard of rest 2. To determine rest and motion. 3. To determiner whether two events taking place at the same time takes place in the same space also 4. To determine the defference between time and space (a) 1 & 2 (b) 1, 2 & 3 (c) 3 & 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 & 4 Ans. (c) 79. According to Aristotle- (a) Position of events and distances between them an different (b) Space is nonexistent (c) All nonexistent bodies have absolute rest (d) None of the above Ans. (a) 80. From the passage what can we infer? (a) There is no rest (b) There is rest (c) There is absolute rest (d) There is no absolute rest Ans. (d) 81. What seems contradictory in Newton’s laws? (a) Newton’s concept of Absolute God. (b) Concept of Absolute space (c) Concept of rest (d) None of these Ans. (b) 82. Who discards material objects and space and time? (a) Newton (b) Aristotle (c) Barkeley (d) Galileo Ans. (c) 83. Consider the following statements according to the information provided in paragraph three? (a) On Barkeleys opinion, Dr. Johnson had no remarks (b) Dr. Johnson criticized Barkeley vehemently (c) Dr. Johnson accepted Barkeley’s view (d) Dr. Johnson was indifferent Ans. (b) 84. â€Å"The interval of time between two events can be measured unambiguously. †-this implies- (a) Absolute space (b) Absolute time (c) Both Absolute time and absolute space (d). Neither absolute time non absolute space Ans. (b) 85. The term â€Å"unambiguous† means? (a) Clean and proper (b) Perfect (c) Confusing or not difined (d) Well difined Ans. (c) 86. What does the author openion in the passage? (a) Time is completely separated and independent from space (b) Time and space and interdependent (c) Time is dependent on space and not vice-versa (d) Space is dependment on time and vice-versa Ans. (a) 87. A sum of money invested for a certain number of years at 8% p. a. simple interest grows to Rs. 180. The same sum of money invested for the same number of years at 4% p. a.simple interest grows to Rs. 120 only. For how many years was the sum invested? (a) 25 years (b) 40 years (c) 33 years and 4 months (d) Cannot be determined Ans. (a) 88. How long will it take for a sum of money to grow from Rs. 1250 to Rs. 10,000, if it is invested at 12. 5% p. a simple interest? (a) 8 years (b) 64 years (c) 72 years (d) 56 years Ans. (d) 89. Rs. 5887 is divided between Shyam and Ram, such that Shyamaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s share at the end of 9 years is equal to Ramaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s share at the end of 11 years, compounded annually at the rate of 5%. Find the share of Shyam. (a) 2088 (b) 2000 (c) 3087 (d) None of these Ans. (c) 90. An equilateral triangular plate is to be cut in to n number of identical small equilateral triangular plates. Which of the following can be possible value of n? (a) 196 (b) 216 (c) 256 (d) 296 Ans. (c) 91. Find the area of the sector covered by the hour hand after it has moved through 3 hours and the length of the hour hand is 7cm. (a) 1. 77 sq. cm (b) 2. 38. 5 sq. cm (c) 3. 35 sq. cm (d) 4. 70 sq. cm Ans. (b) 92. Left pan of faulty weighs 100gram more than is right pan. A shopkeeper keeps the weight measure in the left pan while buying goods but keeps it in the right pan while selling his goods. He uses only 1kg weight measure. If he sells his goods at the listed cost price, What is his gain? (a) 200/11% (b) 100/11% (c) 1000/9% (d) 200/9% Ans. (a) 93. Societies have been increasing in complexity from folk to industrial. Under this circumstances, according to you social control is more likely to be invested in – (a) family (b) school (c) state (d) religious structures Ans. (c) 94. Each interior angle of a regular polygon is 120 degrees greater than each exterior angle. How many sides are there in the polygon? (a) 6 (b) 8 (c) 12 (d) 3 Ans. (c) 95. In the following question, the student’s clinical judgement is assessed: A 28 year old woman with one child has taken anti-thyroid drugs for 6 months for thyrotoxicosis. She has a friend who has been successfully treated with radioiodine. She finds she frequently forgets to take her drugs and wants to stop them to have radio-iodine treatment. 1. She should be told that because of her age radio-iodine is best avoided. 2. The problems associated with radio-iodine should be discussed with her. 3. Surgery as a possible alternative should be discussed with her. 4. She should be advised that some form of further treatment is required. 5. You should find out more about her friend’s treatment. (a) 1 only (b) 2, 3 & 4 (c) 1 & 5 (d) 1, 2 & 3 Ans. (b) 96. In a certain store, the profit is 320% of the cost. If the cost increases by 25% but the selling price remains constant, approximately what percentage of the selling price is the profit? (a) 30% (b) 70% (c) 100% (d) 250% Ans. (b) Directions for the following questions from Question No 97 to Question No 100: The following passage in this section is followed by questions based on the content of the reading passage. Read the passage carefully and chose the best answer to each question below. â€Å"But man is not destined to vanish. He can be killed, but he cannot be destroyed, because his soul is deathless and his spirit is irrepressible. Therefore, though the situation seems dark in the context of the confrontation between the superpowers, the silver lining is provided by amazing phenomenon that the very nations which have spent incalculable resources and energy for the production of deadly weapons are desperately trying to find out how they might never be used. They threaten each other, intimidate each other and go to the brink, but before the total hour arrives they withdraw from the brink. † 97. What is the synonym of the word, confrontation? (a) Being face to face (b) Involving in a clash (c) Fair relationship (d) None of the above Ans: (a) 98. What is the crux of the passage? (a) Man’s soul and spirit can not be destroyed by superpowers. (b) Man’s soul and spirit are immortal. (c)Man’s safety is assured by the delicate balance of power in terms of nuclear weapons. (d) Human society will survive despite the serious threat of total annihilation. Ans : (d) 99. The phrase ‘Go to the brink’ in the passage means – (a) Retreating from extreme danger. (b) Declare war on each other. (c) Advancing to the stage of war but not engaging in it. (d) Commit suicide. Ans : (c) 100. What is the author’s opinion? (a) Nations in possession of huge stockpiles of lethal weapons are trying hard to avoid actual conflict. (b) Huge stockpiles of destructive weapons have so far saved mankind from a catastrophe. (c) Mankind is heading towards complete destruction. —